What is an alternative dispute resolution process commonly called?

The correct choice highlights the term commonly used to refer to various methods aimed at resolving disputes outside of the traditional court system. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) encompasses processes such as mediation, arbitration, and negotiation, all of which serve as alternatives to litigation.

While litigation is a formal, court-sponsored process, ADR provides a more flexible, often less adversarial method of resolving disputes. This choice effectively captures both the term "settlement," which refers to the resolution of disputes, and the abbreviation "ADR," which is widely recognized in legal contexts to represent a range of approaches aimed at amicable resolution without resorting to the courts.

Arbitration, mentioned in one of the other choices, is a specific type of ADR process; however, it is merely one component of the broader ADR framework. Judicial review relates to court oversight of administrative decisions and does not pertain to the ADR concept at all. As a result, the complete phrase "Settlement and ADR" is the most accurate and comprehensive representation of alternative dispute resolution.